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%\chapter{Introduction}
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\section{KAGI 21 Software Library}

As one of the education and research projects of the Kyoto University Active Geosphere Investigation (KAGI 21), which is one of the 21st Century Centers of Excellence (COE) program focusing on a new interdisciplinary approach to the Earth sciences from Asia and Oceania, we have collected computer programs designed for numerical modeling and simulations to organize them as a education material for students and young scientists who wish to study basic nonlinear and stochastic processes involved in various phenomena in the field of Earth sciences.

As the first trial of the project, we have integrated tutorial computer programs prepared by Prof.\/Shigeo Yoden and Prof.\/Satoshi Sakai into a common format with a user-friendly interface that facilitates execution of the programs on different kinds of computers.
Since computation results from these programs need to be visualized in various
forms of graphical outputs, we have made use of the MATLAB$^{\mbox{\scriptsize \Pisymbol{psy}{"D2}}}$ graphics by converting the original programs written in FORTRAN (77 and 90) into the MATLAB programming language.
The MATLAB source programs are further converted into application programs by the MATLAB compiler so that they can be distributed and executed on computers without the MATLAB license.

We hope the KAGI 21 Software Library will help students learn basic physical processes described by a set of differential equations and apply their experience with these computer programs to their study and reserach on various complex phenomena in Earth Sciences.

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\section{How to use a Graphical User Interface of MATLAB programs}

This chapter gives a tutorial on GUI for the MATLAB programs contained in the "KAGI21 Summer School CD-ROM".
These application programs enable us to  carry out all exercises at the end of each chapter.
We can easily access each application program through the main GUI, "\textit{GFD Menu}" (Figure~\ref{fig00}), provided by the program "{\tt gfdmenu.exe}" in the CD-ROM and carry out various numerical experiments through the GUI.

Figure~\ref{fig01} shows an example of the GUI: all application programs use the common style of GUI as shown in Figure~\ref{fig01}.

\begin{figure}
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=10cm,keepaspectratio,clip]{fig/C00_01.epsf}
  \end{center}
\caption{Main GUI of KAGI 21 Software, "\textit{GFD Menu}".}
\label{fig00}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=10cm,keepaspectratio,clip]{fig/C00_02.epsf}
  \end{center}
\caption{Example of the GUI.}
\label{fig01}
\end{figure}

\textbf{\large
\begin{itemize}
\item[1.] To select initial parameters
\end{itemize}
}

In parameter boxes provided in the application window, several sets of parameters have already been specified.
Since these default parameters are prepared for running typical exercises, select one of these parameters by clicking the parameter box as your first trial.

\textbf{\large
\begin{itemize}
\item[2.] To carry out a numerical experiment
\end{itemize}
}

In the application window, a button labeled "START" is provided.
By clicking the "START" button, both temporal and spatial evolutions of physical values will be displayed in the graphic window until the end of the calculation.

\begin{figure}
  \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[width=10cm,keepaspectratio,clip]{fig/C00_03.epsf}
  \end{center}
\caption{Example of an output of a numerical experiment.}
\label{fig02}
\end{figure}

\textbf{\large
\begin{itemize}
\item[3.] To change parameters and perform other runs
\end{itemize}
}

After selecting the parameter box, key in arbitrary parameters for other experiments.

\vspace{2ZW}

Since all input parameters have physical meanings, a different set of parameters results in a physically different result.
Variations displayed in the graphic window are the result of the numerical simulation based on the basic equations described in each chapter.
Therefore, all variations in the each experiment can be explained physical processes. 
By selecting various parameters and observing the changes in the numerical experiments, we can obtain a deep  understanding of physical processes implemented by the basic equations. 
Try to perform your own numerical experiments by selecting different parameters in accordance with the description given in each chapter.

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